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ISTQB-CTFL資格問題集 & ISTQB-CTFL問題サンプル
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ISTQB-Foundation Level Exam 認定 ISTQB-CTFL 試験問題 (Q272-Q277):
質問 # 272
Which of the following statements about estimation of the test effort is WRONG?
- A. Experience based estimation is one of the estimation techniques.
- B. Effort estimate depends on the budget of the project.
- C. Once the test effort is estimated, resources can be identified and a schedule can be drawn up.
- D. Effort estimate can be inaccurate because the quality of the product under tests is not known.
正解:B
解説:
* Effort estimate does not depend on the budget of the project, but rather on the scope, complexity, and quality of the software product and the testing activities1. Budget is a constraint that may affect the feasibility and accuracy of the effort estimate, but it is not a factor that determines the effort estimate. Effort estimate is the amount of work required to complete the testing activities, measured in terms of person-hours, person-days, or person-months2.
* The other options are correct because:
* A. Once the test effort is estimated, resources can beidentified and a schedule can be drawn up, as they are interrelated aspects of the test planning process3. Resources are the people, tools, equipment, and facilities needed to perform the testing activities4. Schedule is the time frame and sequence of the testing activities, aligned with the project milestones and deadlines5.
* B. Effort estimate can be inaccurate because the quality of the product under tests is not known, as it affects the number and severity of the defects that maybe found and the rework that may be needed to fix them6. Quality is the degree to which the software product satisfies the specified requirements and meets the needs and expectations of the users and clients7.
* D. Experience based estimation is one of the estimation techniques, which relies on the judgment and expertise of the testers and other project stakeholders to estimate the test effort based on similar projects or tasks done in the past. Experience based estimation can be useful when there is a lack of historical data, formal methods, or detailed information about the software product and the testing activities.
References =
* 1 ISTQB® Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 154
* 2 ISTQB® Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 155
* 3 ISTQB® Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 156
* 4 ISTQB® Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 157
* 5 ISTQB® Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 158
* 6 ISTQB® Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 159
* 7 ISTQB® Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 16
* [8] ISTQB® Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 160
* [9] ISTQB® Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 161
質問 # 273
Which statement about use case testing is true?
- A. The test cases are always designed by customers or end users.
- B. The lest cases are designed to find defects in the data flew.
- C. The test cases are designed to be used by real users, not by professional testers
- D. The test cases are designed to find defects in the process flow.
正解:D
解説:
Use case testing is a technique that helps identify test cases that exercise the whole system on a transaction by transaction basis from start to finish. Use cases are descriptions of how users interact with the system to achieve a specific goal. Use case testing is not focused on data flow, but rather on process flow. Use case testing can be performed by professional testers, customers or end users, depending on the context. Use case testing does not require the test cases to be designed by customers or end users, but rather by anyone who has access to the use case specifications. Verified Reference: A Study Guide to the ISTQB Foundation Level 2018 Syllabus - Springer, Chapter 4, page 36.
質問 # 274
What is 'Component Testing'?
- A. A test level
- B. Experience-based testing
- C. Functional testing
- D. Integration Testing
正解:A
解説:
Component testing is a test level. A test level is a group of test activities that are organized and managed together based on some common characteristics or objectives. A test level can bedefined based on various factors, such as the scope and target of testing, the phase and model of development, the stakeholders and roles involved in testing, etc. Component testing (also known as unit testing or module testing) is a test level that focuses on verifying the functionality and quality of individual software components (such as modules, classes, functions, methods, etc.). Component testing can be performed by developers or testers using various techniques and tools depending on the type and complexity of the components. The other options are not test levels. Integration testing is another test level that focuses on verifying the functionality and quality of groups of software components that interact with each other or with external systems. Functional testing is a type of black-box dynamic testing that verifies that the system under test performs its intended functions according to its requirements or specifications. Experience-based testing is a category of test design techniques that rely on the tester's knowledge and intuition to derive and select test cases based on their experience with similar systems, technologies, domains, risks, etc. Verified References: A Study Guide to the ISTQB Foundation Level 2018 Syllabus - Springer, page 19.
質問 # 275
Which test approach will best fit a new project, with little documentation and high probability for bugs?
- A. Exploratory testing
- B. Regression testing
- C. Metric based approach
- D. Requirements based testing
正解:A
解説:
Exploratory testing is an approach to testing that emphasizes learning, test design and test execution at the same time. Exploratory testing relies on the tester's skills, creativity and intuition to explore the software under test and discover defects. Exploratory testing is suitable for a new project with little documentation and high probability for bugs, as it can help uncover unknown requirements, assumptions and risks. Exploratory testing is not requirements based testing, which is an approach to testing that derives test cases from documented requirements or specifications. Requirements based testing is not feasible for a new project with little documentation, as it requires clear and complete requirements to be available. Exploratory testing is not metric based approach, which is an approach to testing that uses quantitative measures to monitor and control the testing process and evaluate the quality of the software product. Metric based approach is not effective for a new project with high probability for bugs, as it may not capture all aspects of quality and may lead to false confidence or unrealistic expectations. Exploratory testing is not regression testing, which is an approach to testing that verifies that previously tested software still performs correctly after changes. Regression testing is not relevant for a new project with no previous versions or baselines. Verified Reference: [A Study Guide to the ISTQB Foundation Level 2018 Syllabus - Springer], Chapter 5, page 47-48.
質問 # 276
Which of the following statements is an example of testing contributing to higher quality?
- A. A test leader writes a test summary report
- B. A tester installs a test ten in the lest environment
- C. A tester finds a bug which is resolved prior to release
- D. A project manager asks to a test leader to estimate the test effort
正解:C
解説:
* The question is about identifying an example of testing contributing to higher quality. Quality is the degree to which a component, system or process meets specified requirements and/or user/customer needs and expectations1. Testing is the process consisting of all lifecycle activities, both static and dynamic, concerned with planning, preparation and evaluation of software products and related work products to determine that they satisfy specified requirements, to demonstrate that they are fit for purpose and to detect defects2.
* Therefore, testing contributes to higher quality by verifying and validating that the software products and related work products meet the specified requirements, are fit for purpose and have no defects, or at least have a reduced number of defects. Testing also provides information about the quality of the software products and related work products to the stakeholders, who can make informed decisions based on the test results3.
* Out of the four given statements, only option D is an example of testing contributing to higher quality, as it shows that testing has detected a defect (a flaw in a component or system that can cause the component or system to fail to perform its required function4) and that the defect has been resolved
* (fixed and confirmed) prior to release (delivery of the software product to the customer or end user).
This means that testing has prevented a potential failure (an event in which a component or system does not perform a required function within specified limits) from occurring in the operational environment, and thus has improved the quality of the software product.
* Option A is not an example of testing contributing to higher quality, as it is a reporting activity that summarizes the test results and evaluates the test objectives, but does not directly affect the quality of the software product or related work products. A test summary report is a document that records and communicates the outcomes of testing activities, including test completion criteria, test results, incident reports, test summary and evaluation, and lessons learned.
* Option B is not an example of testing contributing to higher quality, as it is a planning activity that estimates the resources and time needed for testing activities, but does not directly affect the quality of the software product or related work products. A test effort estimate is an approximation of the amount of work and/or the duration of time required to perform testing activities.
* Option C is not an example of testing contributing to higher quality, as it is a preparation activity that sets up the test environment (an environment containing hardware, instrumentation, simulators, software tools, and other support elements needed to conduct a test), but does not directly affect the quality of the software product or related work products. A test environment installation is a process of installing and configuring the test environment according to the test environment specification.
References:
* 1: ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus 2018, Version 4.0, p. 10
* 2: ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus 2018, Version 4.0, p. 11
* 3: ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus 2018, Version 4.0, p. 12
* 4: ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus 2018, Version 4.0, p. 13
* : ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus 2018, Version 4.0, p. 13
* : ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus 2018, Version 4.0, p. 77
* : ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus 2018, Version 4.0, p. 78
* : ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus 2018, Version 4.0, p. 79
* : ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus 2018, Version 4.0, p. 80
* : ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus 2018, Version 4.0, p. 81
* : ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus 2018, Version 4.0, p. 82
* : ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus 2018, Version 4.0, p. 83
* : ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus 2018, Version 4.0, p. 84
* : ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus 2018, Version 4.0, p. 85
* : ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus 2018, Version 4.0, p. 86
* : ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus 2018, Version 4.0, p. 87
* : ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus 2018, Version 4.0, p. 88
* : ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus 2018, Version 4.0, p. 89
* : ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus 2018, Version 4.0, p. 90
* : ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus 2018, Version 4.0, p. 91
* : ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus 2018, Version 4.0, p. 92
* : ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus 2018, Version 4.0, p. 93
* : ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus 2018, Version 4.0, p. 94
* : ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus 2018, Version 4.0, p. 95
* : ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus 2018, Version 4.0, p. 96
* : ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus 2018, Version 4.0, p. 97
* : ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus 2018, Version 4.0, p. 98
* : ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus 2018, Version 4.0, p. 99
* : ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus 2018, Version 4.0, p. 100
* : ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus 2018, Version 4.0, p. 101
* : ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus 2018, Version 4.0, p. 102
* : ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus 2018, Version 4.0, p. 103
* : ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus 2018, Version 4.0, p. 104
* : ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus 2018, Version 4.0, p. 105
* : ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus 2018, Version 4.0, p. 106
* : ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus 2018, Version 4.0, p. 107
質問 # 277
......
IT職員の皆さんにとって、ISTQBのISTQB-CTFL資格を持っていないならちょっと大変ですね。この認証資格はあなたの仕事にたくさんのメリットを与えられ、あなたの昇進にも助けになることができます。とにかく、ISTQB-CTFL試験は皆さんのキャリアに大きな影響をもたらせる試験です。ISTQB-CTFL試験に合格したいなら、我々の商品を入手してください。あなたの要求を満たすことができます。
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